Secretaries and Administrative Assistants
Career, Salary and Education Information
What They Do: Secretaries and administrative assistants perform routine clerical and administrative duties.
Work Environment: Although secretaries and administrative assistants work in nearly every industry, many are employed in schools, hospitals, and government, legal, and medical offices. Most work full time.
How to Become One: High school graduates who have experience using computer software applications usually qualify for entry-level positions. Although most secretaries learn their job in several weeks, many legal and medical secretaries require additional training to learn industry-specific terminology. Executive secretaries usually need several years of related work experience.
Salary: The median annual wage for secretaries and administrative assistants is $39,680.
Job Outlook: Employment of secretaries and administrative assistants is projected to decline 8 percent over the next ten years.
Related Careers: Compare the job duties, education, job growth, and pay of secretaries and administrative assistants with similar occupations.
Following is everything you need to know about a career as a secretary or administrative assistant with lots of details. As a first step, take a look at some of the following jobs, which are real jobs with real employers. You will be able to see the very real job career requirements for employers who are actively hiring. The link will open in a new tab so that you can come back to this page to continue reading about the career:
Top 3 Secretary Jobs
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Secretary II
- Tria Federal
- Port Hueneme, CA
You are a talented Secretary IIwith at least 2 years of experienceand a passion for thinking big, taking action, and delivering exceptional results. You are outcome-driven, quality-obsessed, and ...
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Medical Secretary
- CoxHealth
- Springfield, MO
Summary Best in Class Work Environment 5x Modern Healthcare Best Places to work America's Greatest Workplaces 2023 - Newsweek Best Employers for New Grads 2023- Forbes Greatest Workplace for Women ...
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EXECUTIVE SECRETARY (FULL TIME DAYS) NURSE ADMINISTRATION
- The Valley Health System
- Las Vegas, NV
Five years of secretarial experience, with two years as an Executive Secretary or Administrative Assistant. Healthcare experience preferred. Technical Skills: Computer proficiency to include word ...
Top 3 Administrative Assistant Jobs
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$22/hour | Part-Time Administrative Assistant | Flexible Hours & Career Growth!
- Employers Options
- Makawao, HI
Administrative Assistant Location: Kahului, HI Pay: $22/hour Experience: Related administrative experience required. Type: Part-time (20 to 30 hours); Contract Schedule: Monday - Friday, Day Shift ...
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CoxHealth Administrative Assistant - Rehab Nursing Unit - PRN
- CoxHealth
- Springfield, MO
Benefits | CoxHealth Job Summary Responsible for performing all clerical support and other administrative assistant responsibilities for the Acute Rehabilitation Program and program functions, as ...
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IND Station Admin & Payables Coordinator
- DHL Global Forwarding
- Plainfield, IN
Ability to multi-task in a fast pace environment * 2+ years of Administrative Assistant Experience * High school diploma or equivalent
What Secretaries and Administrative Assistants Do[About this section] [To Top]
Secretaries and administrative assistants perform routine clerical and administrative duties. They organize files, prepare documents, schedule appointments, and support other staff.
Duties of Secretaries and Administrative Assistants
Secretaries and administrative assistants typically do the following:
- Answer telephones and take messages or transfer calls
- Schedule appointments and update event calendars
- Arrange staff meetings
- Handle incoming and outgoing mail and faxes
- Prepare memos, invoices, or other reports
- Edit documents
- Maintain databases and filing systems, whether electronic or paper
- Perform basic bookkeeping
Secretaries and administrative assistants perform a variety of clerical and administrative duties that are necessary to run an organization efficiently. They use computer software to create spreadsheets; manage databases; and prepare presentations, reports, and documents. They also may negotiate with vendors, buy supplies, and manage stockrooms or corporate libraries. Secretaries and administrative assistants also use videoconferencing, fax, and other office equipment. Specific job duties vary by experience, job title, and specialty.
The following are examples of types of secretaries and administrative assistants:
Executive secretaries and executive administrative assistants provide high-level administrative support for an office and for top executives of an organization. They often handle more complex responsibilities, such as reviewing incoming documents, conducting research, and preparing reports. Some also supervise clerical staff.
Legal secretaries perform work requiring knowledge of legal terminology and procedures. They prepare legal documents, such as summonses, complaints, motions, and subpoenas under the supervision of an attorney or a paralegal. They also review legal journals and help with legal research—for example, by verifying quotes and citations in legal briefs.
Medical secretaries transcribe dictation and prepare reports or articles for physicians or medical scientists. They also take simple medical histories of patients, arrange for patients to be hospitalized, or process insurance payments. Medical secretaries need to be familiar with medical terminology and codes, medical records, and hospital or laboratory procedures.
Secretaries and administrative assistants, except legal, medical, and executive form the largest subcategory of secretaries and administrative assistants. They handle an office's administrative activities in almost every sector of the economy, including schools, government, and private corporations. For example, secretaries in schools are often responsible for handling most of the communications among parents, students, the community, teachers, and school administrators. They schedule appointments, receive visitors, and keep track of students' records.
Work Environment for Secretaries and Administrative Assistants[About this section] [To Top]
Secretaries and administrative assistants hold about 3.4 million jobs. Employment in the detailed occupations that make up secretaries and administrative assistants is distributed as follows:
| Secretaries and administrative assistants, except legal, medical, and executive | 2,075,600 |
| Medical secretaries | 672,300 |
| Executive secretaries and executive administrative assistants | 508,000 |
| Legal secretaries | 157,800 |
The largest employers of secretaries and administrative assistants are as follows:
| Healthcare and social assistance | 26% |
| Educational services; state, local, and private | 15% |
| Professional, scientific, and technical services | 11% |
| Government | 8% |
| Religious, grantmaking, civic, professional, and similar organizations | 6% |
Secretaries and administrative assistants work in nearly every industry.
Most secretaries and administrative assistants work in an office setting. Some administrative assistants may work out of their own homes as virtual assistants.
Secretary and Administrative Assistant Work Schedules
Most secretaries and administrative assistants work full time.
How to Become a Secretary or Administrative Assistant[About this section] [To Top]
Get the education you need: Find schools for Secretaries and Administrative Assistants near you!
High school graduates who have experience using computer software applications, such as word processing and spreadsheet programs, usually qualify for entry-level positions. Although most secretaries learn their job in several weeks, many legal and medical secretaries require additional training to learn industry-specific terminology. Executive secretaries usually need several years of related work experience.
Education for Secretaries and Administrative Assistants
High school graduates can take courses in word processing and office procedures at technical schools or community colleges. Some temporary placement agencies also provide training in word processing, spreadsheet, and database software.
Some medical and legal secretaries learn industry-specific terminology and practices by attending courses offered at community colleges or technical schools. For executive secretary positions, employers increasingly prefer to hire those who have taken some college courses or have a bachelor's degree.
Secretary and Administrative Assistant Training
Secretaries and administrative assistants typically learn their skills through short-term on-the-job training, usually lasting a few weeks. During this time they learn about administrative procedures, including how to prepare documents. Medical and legal secretaries' training may last several months as they learn industry-specific terminology and practices.
Work Experience in a Related Occupation for Secretaries and Administrative Assistants
Executive secretaries can gain experience by working in administrative positions that have less challenging responsibilities, such as secretaries and general office clerks.
Important Qualities for Secretaries and Administrative Assistants
Decisionmaking skills. Secretaries and administrative assistants often prioritize tasks and make decisions on their employers' behalf, so good judgment is essential.
Interpersonal skills. Secretaries and administrative assistants interact with clients, customers, or staff. They should communicate effectively and be courteous when interacting with others to create a positive work environment and client experience.
Organizational skills. Secretaries and administrative assistants keep files, folders, and schedules in proper order so an office can run efficiently.
Writing skills. Secretaries and administrative assistants write memos and emails when communicating with managers, employees, and customers. Therefore, they must have good grammar, ensure accuracy, and maintain a professional tone.
Secretary and Administrative Assistant Salaries[About this section] [More salary/earnings info] [To Top]
The median annual wage for secretaries and administrative assistants is $39,680. The median wage is the wage at which half the workers in an occupation earned more than that amount and half earned less. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $28,920, and the highest 10 percent earned more than $63,100.
Median annual wages for secretaries and administrative assistants are as follows:
| Executive secretaries and executive administrative assistants | $62,060 |
| Legal secretaries | $47,710 |
| Secretaries and administrative assistants, except legal, medical, and executive | $37,880 |
| Medical secretaries | $37,450 |
The median annual wages for secretaries and administrative assistants in the top industries in which they work are as follows:
| Professional, scientific, and technical services | $47,150 |
| Government | $46,950 |
| Religious, grantmaking, civic, professional, and similar organizations | $43,860 |
| Educational services; state, local, and private | $39,990 |
| Healthcare and social assistance | $37,660 |
Most secretaries and administrative assistants work full time.
Job Outlook for Secretaries and Administrative Assistants[About this section] [To Top]
Overall employment of secretaries and administrative assistants is projected to decline 7 percent over the next ten years.
Despite declining employment, about 354,000 openings for secretaries and administrative assistants are projected each year, on average, over the decade. All of those openings are expected to result from the need to replace workers who transfer to other occupations or exit the labor force, such as to retire.
See all administrative jobs.
Employment of Secretaries and Administrative Assistants
Technology enables staff in many organizations to prepare their own documents without the help of secretaries. Additionally, many executive secretaries and executive administrative assistants support more than one manager in an organization, and many managers now do tasks that were previously done by these workers. In legal firms, paralegals and legal assistants use technology that enables them to perform tasks, such as preparing and filing documents, that were previously done by legal secretaries.
Employment growth is projected for medical secretaries, primarily due to the growth of the healthcare industry. For example, baby boomers will require more medical services as they age. Medical secretaries will be needed to handle administrative tasks related to billing and insurance processing of Medicare and other claims.
| Occupational Title | Employment, 2021 | Projected Employment, 2031 | Change, 2021-31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Percent | Numeric | |||
| Secretaries and administrative assistants | 3,413,600 | 3,126,700 | -8 | -286,900 |
| Executive secretaries and executive administrative assistants | 508,000 | 405,400 | -20 | -102,600 |
| Legal secretaries and administrative assistants | 157,800 | 127,500 | -19 | -30,400 |
| Medical secretaries and administrative assistants | 672,300 | 725,800 | 8 | 53,600 |
| Secretaries and administrative assistants, except legal, medical, and executive | 2,075,600 | 1,868,000 | -10 | -207,600 |
More Secretary and Administrative Assistant Information[About this section] [To Top]
For more information about careers in secretarial and administrative work, visit
International Association of Administrative Professionals
For more information about legal secretaries and administrative assistants, visit
For more information about virtual assistants, visit
A portion of the information on this page is used by permission of the U.S. Department of Labor.